CRJU 4601: Gangs

• 1" Margins on all sides.
• Use 12pt Font (Time New Roman or Courier), double-spaced
• Title page with your paper title, name, and institution, centered. Student papers: Also add course number and name, instructor name, and assignment due date.
• Header: provide page numbers aligned to the right. A running head is not required for student papers.
• Prepare your abstract on the next page (consult instructor).
• Create the main body (text) of your paper on a new page.
• A separate reference list follows the main body. References should be double-spaced and listed alphabetically by author's last name. Use hanging indentation.

For legislation, enacted and not enacted, resolutions, committee reports, etc. see APA style manual and check styles for government information.

Cite your sources in the text of your paper. Citations in the text include the author(s) last name and publication year.

With author in sentence
According to Brooks (2014), students continued to push for changes at Savannah State in the early 1970s.

Without author in sentence
Students continued to push for changes at Savannah State in the early 1970s (Brooks, 2014).

Include page numbers when quoting directly from a work or referring to a specific passage. Pagination includes the author, year of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded by "p." for a single page, or "pp." for multiple pages).

With author in sentence, using direct quote
Brooks (2014) found that "students used grassroots organizing to initiate changes they wanted implemented" (p. 214). 

Without author in sentence, using direct quote
"Students used grassroots organizing to initiate changes they wanted implemented" (Brooks, 2014, p.124), which included creating a list of demands.

Additional examples:

The reference list follows the main body/text of the paper on a separate page. Use double-spacing and hanging indentation (not shown here).

Book or e-Book. A URL is not required if an e-Book's content is the same as its physical counterpart.
Lastname, F. M. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name.

Brooks, F. E. (1991). Tigers in the tempest: Savannah State University and the struggle for civil rights. Mercer University Press.

Edited Book, No Author
Editor, E. E. (Ed.). (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name.

Sutter, P. S. & , Pressly, P. M. (Eds.). (2018). Coastal nature, coastal culture: Environmental histories of the Georgia coast. University of Georgia Press.

Edited Book with an Author 
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (E. Editor, Ed.). Publisher Name.

Prince. (2019). The beautiful ones (D. Piepenbring, Ed.). Spiegel & Grau.

Article or Chapter in an Edited Book
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In E. E. Editor, & F. F. Editor (Eds.), Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (pp. pages of chapter). Publisher.

Carrillo, R. (2018). How the U.S. government could end the student debt crisis today. In P. Johansen (Ed.), Student loans and the cost of college (pp. 64 - 70). Greenhaven Publishing.

Journal Article (Electronic)
Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. (Year). Title of article: Capital letter also for subtitle. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number if available), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy

Ouariachi, T., Olvera-Lobo, M.D., Gutiérrez-Pérez, J., & Maibach, E. (2019). A framework for climate change engagement through video games. Environmental Education Research, 25(5), 701-716. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2018.1545156

Note on DOIs in articles: DOI stands for Digital Object Identifier and serves as a link for the article. If no DOI is provided, use a stable URL - look for this button in library databases. URLs copied from the browser bar are not always stable.

Webpage or piece of online content. It's not necessary to include a retrieval date, unless the page is likely to change over time.
Lastname, F.M. (Year, Month date or use n.d. if no date is given). Title of page. Site name. URL

Cooke, R. (2020, February 17). Wikipedia is the last best place on the internet. Wired. https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedia-online-encyclopedia-best-place-internet/

A webpage where the author is a group, organization or government agency
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Viral Diseases. (2020, March 4). How COVID-19 spreads. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 4, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html

If the author and site name are the same, omit site name:
Savannah State University. (n.d.) History of SSU. https://www.savannahstate.edu/about-ssu/history.shtml

Youtube or streaming video. The author is the person or group who uploaded the video. If the author and username are the same, omit username.
Last Name, F. M. [Username]. (Year, Month Date). Title of video [Video]. Streaming Service. URL

Vice. (2020, February 4). Pittsburgh artist uses art to bring political transformation in America [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5eg-ZTFAfeg

Additional examples: